RESUMO
Los arbovirus constituyen una de las principales causas de emergencia en salud por la morbilidad y mortalidad que producen y el estrés sanitario que conllevan. Cuba no ha estado excenta de riesgo, y el enfrentamiento del dengue inicialmente y de otros arbovirus después, ha sido, y es, una prioridad de las máximas autoridades del país. La vigilancia de laboratorio de dengue se estableció desde inicios de la década del 70 aunque sus objetivos y estrategias han cambiado según la situación epidemiológica nacional y regional y la tecnología de diagnóstico disponible. Se destacan cuatro etapas en su desarrollo. En este trabajo se resumen las estrategias desarrolladas para la vigilancia de laboratorio de dengue y de otros arbovirus en el periodo de 1970 a 2017. Se describe además el papel desempeñado por el Instituto de Medicina Tropical, ¨Pedro Kouri¨ (IPK) como Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia(AU)
Arboviruses are one of the leading causes of health emergencies due to their morbidity and mortality and the sanitary stress they bring about. Cuba has not been free from risk, and the response first to dengue fever and then to other arboviruses has been and still is a priority for the country's top authorities. Laboratory surveillance of dengue fever was implemented in the 1970s, though its aims and strategies have evolved in keeping with the national and regional epidemiological situation, and the available diagnostic technology. Four stages stand out in the development of dengue laboratory surveillance. The present paper summarizes the strategies developed for laboratory surveillance of dengue fever and other arboviruses in the period 1970-2017. A description is also provided of the role played by Pedro Kourí Tropical Medicine Institute (IPK) as a national reference laboratory(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Infecções por Arbovirus/prevenção & controle , Vigilância em Desastres , Dengue/epidemiologia , Vírus da Dengue/imunologia , Serviços Laboratoriais de Saúde PúblicaRESUMO
The association between colorectal cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is still unproven. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) DNA in colorectal tissues from Cuban patients. A total of 63 colorectal formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were studied (24 adenocarcinoma, 18 adenoma, and 21 colorectal tissues classified as benign colitis). DNA from colorectal samples was analysed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect the most clinically relevant high HR-HPV types (HPV-16, -18, -31, -33, -45, -52, and -58). Associations between histologic findings and other risk factors were also analysed. Overall, HPV DNA was detected in 23.8% (15/63) of the samples studied. Viral infections were detected in 41.7% of adenocarcinoma (10/24) and 27.7% of adenoma cases (5/18). HPV DNA was not found in any of the negative cases. An association between histological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma and HPV infection was observed (odd ratio = 4.85, 95% confidence interval = 1.40-16.80, p = 0.009). The only genotypes identified were HPV 16 and 33. Viral loads were higher in adenocarcinoma, and these cases were associated with HPV 16. This study provides molecular evidence of HR-HPV infection in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues from Cuban patients.